Security+ is a certification dealing with computer security topics such as cryptography and access control, as well as business-related topics such as disaster recovery and risk management. It was developed in 2002 to address the rise of security issues. A new and updated version was released in 2011 http://certification.comptia.org/getCertified/certifications/security.aspx. Currently and according to CompTIA, there are more than 45,000 people around the world who have earned this certification.[5] It is recommended that candidates have two years of security‐related work experience (although not a requirement) and pass the 100 question multiple choice exam. The Security+ exam can be applied as an elective to the MCSA: Security and the MCSE: Security specializations from Microsoft. For United States Department of Defense employees, DoDD 8570, IAT Level II certification guidelines lists Security+ as one of four choices (the others being GIAC Security Essentials Certification (GSEC), Security Certified Network Professional (SCNP), and Systems Security Certified Practitioner (SSCP)).[6]